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Within Teotihuacan there is a section called the “Ciudadela”. When the Spaniards arrived they mistook this building for a fortress and so they named it as such. It is still referred to in such a manner although it was not a fortress.


It is a well-leveled area surrounded by a wall over which there are several structures, being homes or small temples. In the center of the interior plaza there are also other bigger edifices, including the remains of a pyramid.

As it was the custom during that time, that pyramid was built over another existing pyramid. Interestingly enough, the pyramid that was built over had some artwork set in stone of unique beauty..

Quetzalcóatl y Tláloc

Quetzalcóatl, the feathered snake, and Tláloc, the rain god are represented in the artwork. The cult of these two gods continued in Mesoámerica until the Europeans arrived.

Quetzalcóatl was the protector of humankind and also the essence of the best a person could desire or strive to be. Some compare him to the Holly Ghost in Christianity. There are several legends about this deity that can be found in the rich Aztec mythology. One legend in particular tells of how he stole corn from the gods to give it to humanity.


Tláloc must have had a similar place in the beliefs of the agricultural civilization which dwelled in Teotihuacan.


The Ciudadela seen from the top of the Pyramid of the Sun.

Both times we have visited Teotihuacan the guides have taken us to the Ciudadela first. In our anticipation to see the rest of Teotihuacan we moved rather quickly past the Ciudadela. We will not make this mistake next time we visit.




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Last revision: December 1, 2003
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Copyright © 2002-2003 by Mariano Jimenez II and Mariano G. Jiménez and its licensors
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